August 19, 2024- The United States Marine Corps has officially ushered in a new chapter in presidential air transport with the introduction of the VH-92A Patriot, the latest helicopter designated for the "Marine One" call sign. President Joe Biden utilized the brand-new "Patriot" for his trip to Chicago during the Democratic National Convention. This state-of-the-art aircraft, developed by Sikorsky, represents the culmination of years of innovation and adaptation, tailored specifically to meet the unique demands of transporting the President and Vice President of the United States, along with other high-ranking officials. A total of 23 aircraft were built - 21 in service & 2 test aircraft.

A Legacy Unfolded: History Of HMX-1

Established on December 1, 1947, Marine Helicopter Squadron One (HMX-1) began as a unit focused on testing and evaluating new helicopter technology for the Marine Corps. The squadron's mission quickly expanded to include providing helicopter transportation for high-ranking officials, starting with President Dwight D. Eisenhower in 1957. Over the years, HMX-1 has been vital in the operational testing and evaluation of Marine Corps assault helicopters, ensuring they meet the rigorous demands of modern military operations. Today, HMX-1 continues its dual mission of providing executive transport for the President and Vice President while serving as the Marine Corps' premier OT&E unit for rotary-wing aircraft.

Advanced Features and Modifications

At its core, the VH-92A is a modified variant of the FAA-certified Sikorsky S-92 aircraft, a model renowned for its safety and reliability. The VH-92A has been extensively modified at Sikorsky facilities in Owego, New York, and Stratford, Connecticut, to meet the specific requirements outlined by the U.S. government. These modifications include enhanced ballistic armor, advanced radar jamming systems, and hardened electronics capable of withstanding a nuclear electromagnetic pulse. Additionally, the helicopter is equipped with encrypted telecommunications and videoconferencing systems, ensuring secure communication for the President and their advisors. However, the journey to get the VH-92A operational as the new Marine One was not without challenges. Early tests revealed issues with the helicopter's reliability, availability, and maintenance. Problems with the encrypted communication system, along with concerns about the helicopter's exhaust heat damaging landing surfaces like the White House South Lawn, delayed its approval for presidential transport.

A New Chapter Begins

The VH-92A's official debut as Marine One occurred on a historic day when it transported President Joe Biden from Chicago’s O’Hare International Airport to Soldier Field for an appearance at the Democratic National Convention. This marked the first time in decades that a U.S. president was flown in a new helicopter model. The VH-92A is the first new platform to carry the Marine One call sign since the VH-60 White Hawk was introduced in 1989, and it comes after a long and challenging development period . The previous primary presidential helicopter, the VH-3D Sea King, has served since the Gerald Ford administration, making the VH-92A’s arrival a significant milestone.

Overcoming Obstacles

The path to the VH-92A's operational status was lengthy, involving multiple attempts to replace the aging VH-3D fleet. The Pentagon initiated the VXX program in 2002, and after a series of setbacks and a canceled contract for the VH-71 Kestrel, Sikorsky was awarded the contract for the VH-92A in 2014. The first variant took flight in 2017, but it was not until December 2021 that the helicopter achieved initial operational capability. Despite initial setbacks, including issues with the communication system and heat damage concerns, the VH-92A has finally been approved for presidential use. The Marines have now received the last of the 23 planned VH-92As, solidifying the program's success.

Looking Ahead

With the VH-92A now fully operational, it will become a familiar sight both in the United States and around the world, transporting the President on critical missions.

Marine Helicopter Squadron One (HMX-1) will operate the fleet, which includes 21 operational helicopters and two test aircraft, ensuring that the President is supported by the most advanced and secure airlift platform available as well as looking to replace both the VH-3D Sea King and VH-60 WhiteHawk. “Not only have we delivered increased performance and reduced maintenance costs and time compared to the current fleet of presidential helicopters,” said Colonel Alex Ramthun, PMA-274 program manager, “but we have also introduced the next phase of Marine One helicopters. Knowing that those who step aboard any of the 21 VH-92A aircraft will experience top-notch execution, maintenance, and service throughout the aircraft's lifespan makes me proud to be part of this exceptional team.” Currently, HMX-1 deploys 10 VH-3D helicopters, six VH-60N helicopters, and the majority of the fleet of VH-92A helicopters to support its diverse mission requirements. The VH-92A Patriot stands as a testament to the dedication and innovation of Sikorsky, PMA-274, and the U.S. Marine Corps, ensuring that the presidential airlift mission remains secure and reliable for many years to come.

Current Operational Aircraft of HMX-1:

Sikorsky VH-3D Sea King:

The Sikorsky VH-3D Sea King has been the primary Marine One helicopter since 1978, known for its reliability and safety. With advanced communication and defensive systems, it ensures secure presidential transport. Despite its age, the VH-3D continues to serve while being gradually replaced by newer models.

Sikorsky VH-60N WhiteHawk:

The Sikorsky VH-60N White Hawk, introduced in the 1980s, complements the VH-3D by offering increased flexibility. Smaller and faster, it’s tailored for specific HMX-1 needs with advanced avionics, communication, and defensive systems for secure presidential transport.

Sikorsky VH-92A PATRIOT:

The Sikorsky VH-92A Patriot, the newest HMX-1 addition, is replacing the VH-3D Sea King. Based on the S-92, it features advanced avionics, enhanced safety, and improved speed and comfort, ensuring reliable, efficient transport for the President and officials.

Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey:

The Bell Boeing V-22 Osprey enhances HMX-1's fleet with its versatile tiltrotor design, combining helicopter takeoff and landing with fixed-wing speed and range. While not used as Marine One, it supports rapid deployment and long-range travel for personnel and equipment.